Czech J. Food Sci., 2024, 42(4):295-304 | DOI: 10.17221/44/2024-CJFS

Effect of the disinfectant benzalkonium chloride on Listeria monocytogenes biofilmOriginal Paper

Chao Yang1, Xiaochen Zhang1, Tao Yu2, Lin Wang1, Zichuan Zhu1, Xinjie Fan1
1 Faculty of Tourist Management, Xinxiang Vocational and Technical College, Xinxiang, China
2 School of Biological Engineering, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, China

Listeria monocytogenes is capable of forming biofilms on the food contact surfaces, increasing the risk of food contamination by this pathogen. The disinfectant benzalkonium chloride (BC) is commonly used to control L. monocytogenes in the food industry. This study aimed to investigate effects of BC on L. monocytogenes biofilms. Biofilm biomass was measured by the microplate method with crystal violet staining. Results from the broth microdilution method showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of BC against L. monocytogenes 10403S was 8 μg·mL–1. Sub-MICs of BC inhibited the biofilm formation and lethal concentrations of BC removed mature biofilms of L. monocytogenes 10403S. The presence of BC reduced extracellular proteins and exopolysaccharides in biofilms. Additionally, upregulation of quorum sensing gene luxS and agrBDCA and downregulation of flagellum motility genes flaA, motA, and motB were observed in the presence of BC. The BC disinfectant has an excellent anti-biofilm activity against L. monocytogenes.

Keywords: foodborne pathogen; disinfection; anti-biofilm; extracellular polymeric substances

Received: March 7, 2024; Revised: May 31, 2024; Accepted: June 21, 2024; Prepublished online: August 7, 2024; Published: August 28, 2024  Show citation

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Yang C, Zhang X, Yu T, Wang L, Zhu Z, Fan X. Effect of the disinfectant benzalkonium chloride on Listeria monocytogenes biofilm. Czech J. Food Sci. 2024;42(4):295-304. doi: 10.17221/44/2024-CJFS.
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